RANMA 欄間

RANMA 欄間 is an openwork screen above the sliding partitions between two rooms.

It was installed for daylighting, ventilation and decoration.
There are many design variations like SHO-JI障子, KOUSHI格子, wooden openwork as RANMA欄間.

TAKEHO GAKI 竹穂垣

TAKEHO GAKI is a type of bamboo fence.

It was made from bamboo spikes.

KINKAKUJI GAKI 金閣寺垣

KINKAKUJI GAKI 金閣寺垣　is a type of bamboo fence.
It is low and has halved bamboo on the top.
It was first made in KINKAKU JI 金閣寺.

OTSU GAKI 大津垣

OTSU GAKI 大津垣 is a type of bamboo fence.
It is knitted from bamboo grass or bamboo strings.
Because the fence was commonly seen at road side of OTSU 大津(place name. it is in SHIGA 滋賀 prefecture near by KYOTO京都.), It was named OTSU GAKI 大津垣.

KENNINJI GAKI 建仁寺垣

KENNINJI GAKI is a type of bamboo fence. 
bamboos cut into four quarters are set in a row without space between. Those are tightened by bamboo batten and rope. The bamboo fence was first made in KENNINJI 建仁寺, so this kind of fence named KENNINJI GAKI 建仁寺垣. 

Crumpled washi paper (MOMIGAMI 揉み紙)

Crumpled washi paper is wrinkled from crumpling.

Crumpling paper is a method to produce a feel of cloth and momigami was used as paper for mounting in the tea ceremony during medieval times.
For waterproofing, people paint "DOUSA どうさ" which is liquid mixed animal grue and hide glue. It is strongest washi paper.

Watermarking paper (RAKUSUI SHI 落水紙)

RAKUSUI SHI 落水紙 is a washi paper which has pattern like a ｌace.
The pattern is made by water drop.
There is a wide variety of patterns.